The Renaissance spread north due to expanded trade and the growth of cities. Wealthy merchants were proud to support artists financially. Monarchs also took great interest in the arts, and they too contributed money. During the late 1400s, artists fled north from the war in Italy. This movement helped spread the Renaissance across Europe.
Northern scholars differed from Italian scholars because they did not study the classic subjects. The painters from the north were excellent at depicting everyday life. Their works were much more detailed than those of the Italian artists. Albrecht Durer was a German artist who created intricate woodcuts and paintings. Another artist from the northern Renaissance was Jan Van Eyck. Van Eyck was a Flemish painter. The Peasant's Dance was a famous painting created by Pieter Bruegal.
The most famous northern Renaissance writer was William Shakespeare. Shakespeare showed a great understanding of human nature. Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet are plays written by Shakespeare and are often performed today.
The Elizabethan Age was a period in England led by Queen Elizabeth. Queen Elizabeth was very educated and often wrote poetry.
Eventually, Renaissance scholars began using letters in algebraic equations. Scientists created new theories about the Earth and the universe. One famous inventor was Johann Gutenberg. Gutenberg was most famous for inventing the printing press. The printing press had a tremendous impact on European society because it enabled the Europeans to print books quickly and easily. Mass printing of the Bible allowed people to interpret the text themselves.
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